feat: add kernel exception panic

Kernel/Include/Arch/CPU.h

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 #pragma once
+#include <types.h>
 
 static inline void CPUYield() {
     __asm__ volatile ("yield" ::: "memory");
@@ -7,3 +8,11 @@ static inline void CPUYield() {
 static inline void CPUWaitForInterrupt() {
     __asm__ volatile ("wfi" ::: "memory");
 }
+
+static inline void CPUDisableInterrupts() {
+    __asm__ volatile ("msr daifset, #3" ::: "memory");
+}
+
+static inline void CPUEnableInterrupts() {
+    __asm__ volatile ("msr daifclr, #3" ::: "memory");
+}

Kernel/Include/OS/Panic.h

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include <types.h>
+#include <Arch/Exceptions.h>
+
+__attribute__((noreturn)) void OSPanicException(ExceptionsContext* frame);

Kernel/Source/Arch/Exceptions.c

@@ -1,10 +1,8 @@
 #include <Arch/Exceptions.h>
 #include <Arch/CPU.h>
 #include <IO/Serial.h>
+#include <OS/Panic.h>
 
-void ExceptionsHandler(ExceptionsContext* context, ExceptionsType type) {
-    IOSerialPutString("Exception occurred");
-    while (1) {
-        CPUWaitForInterrupt();
-    }
+void ExceptionsHandler(ExceptionsContext* frame, ExceptionsType type) {
+    OSPanicException(frame);
 }

Kernel/Source/KernelMain.c

@@ -3,6 +3,4 @@
 
 void KernelMain(void) {
     IOSerialPutString("Meow nya!!\n");
-    __asm__ volatile ("brk #0");
-    IOSerialPutString("How\r\n");
 }

Kernel/Source/OS/Panic.c

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+#include <OS/Panic.h>
+#include <IO/Serial.h>
+#include <Arch/CPU.h>
+
+static const ASCII* GetExceptionClassString(UInt32 class) {
+    switch (class) {
+        case 0x00: return "Unknown reason";
+        case 0x01: return "Trapped WFI | WFE instruction";
+        case 0x07: return "Trapped SIMD | FP instruction";
+        case 0x11: return "SVC from EL1";
+        case 0x15: return "SVC from EL0";
+        case 0x20: return "Instruction abort (LoEL)"; // User Execute Fault
+        case 0x21: return "Instruction abort (CurrEL)"; // Kernel Execute Fault
+        case 0x22: return "PC Alignment Fault"; // Jumped to a misaligned address
+        case 0x24: return "Data abort (LoEL)"; // User Memory Fault
+        case 0x25: return "Data abort (CurrEL)"; // Kernel Memory Fault
+        case 0x26: return "SP Alignment Fault"; // SP must be 16-byte aligned
+        case 0x3C: return "Breakpoint";
+        default: return "Reserved";
+    }
+}
+
+
+__attribute__((noreturn)) void OSPanicException(ExceptionsContext* frame) {
+    UInt32 esr = frame->esr_el1;
+    UInt32 class = (esr >> 26) & 0x3F; // Exception class (Bits 31:26)
+    UInt32 length = (esr >> 25) & 0x1; // Instruction length (Bit 25)
+    UInt32 syndrome = esr & 0x1FFFFFF; // Syndrome (Bits 24:0)
+
+    // i cant show any info since i have no formatter yet :(
+    IOSerialPutString("\n-------------------\n");
+    IOSerialPutString("Kernel Panic! :(\n");
+    IOSerialPutString("-------------------\n");
+    IOSerialPutString("CPU Exception: ");
+    IOSerialPutString(GetExceptionClassString(class));
+    IOSerialPutString("\n-------------------\n");
+    IOSerialPutString("System halted.\n");
+
+    while (1) {
+        CPUDisableInterrupts();
+        CPUWaitForInterrupt();
+    }
+}